Volume 46, Issue 2 , Pages 111-120, June 2007
Syndromes and Disorders Associated with Omphalocele (III): Single Gene Disorders, Neural Tube Defects, Diaphragmatic Defects and Others
Article Outline
Summary
Omphalocele can be associated with single gene disorders, neural tube defects, diaphragmatic defects, fetal valproate syndrome, and syndromes of unknown etiology. This article provides a comprehensive review of omphalocele-related disorders: otopalatodigital syndrome type II; Melnick–Needles syndrome; Rieger syndrome; neural tube defects; Meckel syndrome; Shprintzen–Goldberg omphalocele syndrome; lethal omphalocele-cleft palate syndrome; cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome; fetal valproate syndrome; Marshall–Smith syndrome; fibrochondrogenesis; hydrolethalus syndrome; Fryns syndrome; omphalocele, diaphragmatic defects, radial anomalies and various internal malformations; diaphragmatic defects, limb deficiencies and ossification defects of skull; Donnai–Barrow syndrome; CHARGE syndrome; Goltz syndrome; Carpenter syndrome; Toriello–Carey syndrome; familial omphalocele; Cornelia de Lange syndrome; C syndrome; Elejalde syndrome; Malpuech syndrome; cervical ribs, Sprengel anomaly, anal atresia and urethral obstruction; hydrocephalus with associated malformations; Kennerknecht syndrome; lymphedema, atrial septal defect and facial changes; and craniosynostosis- mental retardation syndrome of Lin and Gettig. Perinatal identification of omphalocele should alert one to the possibility of omphalocele-related disorders and familial inheritance and prompt a thorough genetic counseling for these disorders.
Key Words: congenital malformation , diaphragmatic hernia , genetics , neural tube defect , omphalocele , single gene disorder
No full text is available. To read the body of this article, please view the PDF online.
References
- . Otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum disorders: otopalatodigital syndrome types 1 and 2, frontometaphyseal dysplasia and Melnick–Needles syndrome . Eur J Hum Genet . 2007;15:3–9
- Localized mutations in the gene encoding the cytoskeletal protein filamin A cause diverse malformations in humans . Nat Genet . 2003;33:487–491
- . Otopalatodigital syndrome and omphaloceles . Dysmorph Clin Genet . 1991;5:2–10
- . Prenatal diagnosis of oto-palato-digital syndrome type II: the diagnostic problem of a bone dysplasia with multiple malformations . Am J Hum Genet . 1991;49(Suppl):176; [Abstract]
- . Otopalatodigital syndrome type II associated with omphalocele: report of three cases . Am J Med Genet . 1993;45:481–487
- . Multiple congenital anomalies associated with an oto-palato-digital syndrome type II . Genet Couns . 1993;4:289–294
- . Prenatal ultrasound findings in a fetus with otopalatodigital syndrome type II . Clin Dysmorphol . 1994;3:175–179
- . Mutations in PITX2 may contribute to cases of omphalocele and VATER-like syndromes . Am J Med Genet A . 2004;130:277–283
- . Melnick–Needles syndrome in males: a lethal multiple congenital anomalies syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 1987;27:159–173
- . Congenital malformations associated with maternal osteodysplasty. A new malformation complex . Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) . 1981;22:369–377
- . Omphalocele and multiple severe congenital anomalies associated with osteodysplasty (Melnick–Needles syndrome) . Am J Med Genet . 1982;13:453–463
- Cloning and characterization of a novel bicoid-related homeobox transcription factor gene, RIEG, involved in Rieger syndrome . Nat Genet . 1996;14:392–399
- . Identification of a dominant negative homeodomain mutation in Rieger syndrome . J Biol Chem . 2001;276:23034–23041
- . Dosage requirement of Pitx2 for development of multiple organs . Development . 1999;126:4643–4651
- Mouse Pitx2 deficiency leads to anomalies of the ventral body wall, heart, extra-and periocular mesoderm and right pulmonary isomerism . Development . 1999;126:5749–5758
- Pitx2 regulates lung asymmetry, cardiac positioning and pituitary and tooth morphogenesis . Nature . 1999;401:279–282
- . Function of Rieger syndrome gene in left-right asymmetry and cranio-facial development . Nature . 1999;401:276–278
- . Rieger syndrome with exomphalos . Aust Paediatr J . 1982;18:130–131
- . Are omphalocele and neural tube defects related congenital anomalies? Data from 21 registries in Europe (EUROCAT) . Am J Med Genet . 1997;72:79–84
- Folate-related genes and omphalocele . Am J Med Genet A . 2005;136:8–11
- MKS1, encoding a component of the flagellar apparatus basal body proteome, is mutated in Meckel syndrome . Nat Genet . 2006;38:155–157
- The transmembrane protein meckelin (MKS3) is mutated in Meckel–Gruber syndrome and the wpk rat . Nat Genet . 2006;38:191–196
- . Diagnosis of the Meckel–Gruber syndrome at eleven to fourteen weeks' gestation . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1997;176:316–319
- . First-trimester ultra-sound diagnosis of Meckel–Gruber syndrome . Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand . 2006;85:757–759
- . Prenatal diagnosis of Meckel– Gruber syndrome case reports . Kaohsiung J Med Sci . 1995;11:127–132
- . Dysmorphic facies, omphalocele, laryngeal and pharyngeal hypoplasia, spinal anomalies, and learning disabilities in a new dominant malformation syndrome . Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser . 1979;15:347–353
- . Shprintzen– Goldberg omphalocele syndrome: a new patient with an expanded phenotype . Am J Med Genet A . 2006;140:383–384
- . A microdeletion 22q11.2 can resemble Shprintzen–Goldberg omphalocele syndrome . Am J Med Genet A . 2006;140:2838–2839
- . New lethal omphalocele-cleft palate syndrome? . Hum Genet . 1983;64:99; [Letter]
- . Familial cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome: a case with unusual prenatal findings and review . Clin Dysmorphol . 2003;12:63–68
- . Autosomal dominant cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome: ultrasonographic and clinical findings . Am J Med Genet . 1987;26:195–202
- . Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome: early sonographic prenatal diagnosis . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 1997;10:142–144
- . Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of the cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome: case report and review of the literature . Prenat Diagn . 1998;18:1294–1299
- Cerebro-costo-mandibular syndrome in a father and a female fetus: early prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis and autosomal dominant transmission . Prenat Diagn . 2001;21:890–893
- . Fetal valproate syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 654
- Teratogenesis of calcium valproate in rats . Fundam Appl Toxicol . 1983;3:121–126
- . Omphalocele in a newborn baby exposed to sodium valproate in utero . Eur J Pediatr . 1995;154:220–221
- . Marshall–Smith syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 172
- . Fibrochondrogenesis . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 372
- Hydrolethalus syndrome is caused by a missense mutation in a novel gene HYLS1 . Hum Mol Genet . 2005;14:1475–1488
- . Hydrolethalus syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 204
- . Sibs with anencephaly, anophthalmia, clefts, omphalocele, and polydactyly: hydrolethalus or acrocallosal syndrome? . Am J Med Genet . 2000;91:231–234
- . Fryns syndrome: a review of the phenotype and diagnostic guidelines . Am J Med Genet A . 2004;124:427–433
- Array comparative genomic hybridization in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: mapping of four CDH-critical regions and sequencing of candidate genes at 15q26.1–15q26.2 . Eur J Hum Genet . 2006;14:999–1008
- Fryns syndrome pheno-type caused by chromosome microdeletions at 15q26.2 and 8p23.1 . J Med Genet . 2005;42:730–736
- . Documentation of anomalies not previously described in Fryns syndrome . Am J Med Genet A . 2003;116:179–182
- . Fryns syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 236
- . Unknown syndrome: radial ray defects, omphalocele, diaphragmatic hernia, and hepatic cyst . J Med Genet . 1990;27:403–404
- . Recurrence of diaphragmatic agenesis associated with multiple midline defects: evidence for an autosomal gene regulating the midline . Am J Med Genet . 1994;53:33–38
- . Diaphragmatic and multiple midline defects . Am J Med Genet . 1996;63:411
- . Omphalocele with absent radial ray (ORR): a case with diploid-triploid mixoploidy . Am J Med Genet . 1998;75:235–239
- . Heterogeneity in omphalocoele with absent radial ray complex . Am J Med Genet . 1999;82:95–96
- . Infant with midline thoracoabdominal schisis and limb defects . Teratology . 1998;58:205–208
- . An infant with pentalogy of Cantrell and limb defects diagnosed prenatally . Clin Dysmorphol . 2004;13:57–58
- . Prenatal diagnosis of pentalogy of Cantrell associated with hypoplasia of the right upper limb and ectrodactyly . Prenat Diagn . 2007;27:86–87
- Diaphragmatic defects, limb deficiencies, and ossification defects of the skull: a distinctive malformation syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 1996;62:48–53
- . Diaphragmatic hernia, exomphalos, absent corpus callosum, hypertelorism, myopia, and sensorineural deafness: a newly recognized autosomal recessive disorder? . Am J Med Genet . 1993;47:679–682
- . Diaphragmatic herniaexomphalos-hypertelorism syndrome: a new case and further evidence of autosomal recessive inheritance . Am J Med Genet . 1997;68:441–444
- . High myopia, hypertelorism, iris coloboma, exomphalos, absent corpus callosum, and sensorineural deafness: report of a case and further evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance . Acta Ophthalmol Scand . 2000;78:221–222
- . Donnai–Barrow syndrome: four additional patients . Am J Med Genet A . 2003;121:258–262
- . CHARGE syndrome: an update . Eur J Hum Genet . 2007;15:389–399
- . CHARGE syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 276
- . Goltz syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 622
- . Carpenter syndrome . In: Jones KL editors. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation . 6 th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006;p. 484
- Toriello–Carey syndrome: delineation and review . Am J Med Genet A . 2003;123:84–90
- . Omphalocele in three generations with autosomal dominant transmission . J Med Genet . 2002;39:184–185
- . Familial omphalocele: considerations in genetic counseling . Am J Med Genet . 1992;44:624–627
- . Genetic-epidemiologic study of omphalocele and gastroschisis: evidence for heterogeneity . Am J Med Genet . 1992;44:668–675
- . Familial occurrence of omphalocele suggesting sex-linked inheritance . Arch Dis Child . 1979;54:142–151
- Cornelia de Lange syndrome is caused by mutations in NIPBL, the human homolog of Drosophila melanogaster Nipped-B . Nat Genet . 2004;36:631–635
- . NIPBL, encoding a homolog of fungal Scc2-type sister chromatid cohesion proteins and fly Nipped-B, is mutated in Cornelia de Lange syndrome . Nat Genet . 2004;36:636–641
- X-linked Cornelia de Lange syndrome owing to SMC1L1 mutations . Nat Genet . 2006;38:528–530
- . Omphalocele in an infant with Cornelia de Lange syndrome . Clin Dysmorphol . 2006;15:255–256
- . The C syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies . Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser . 1969;5:161–166
- . Trigonocephaly and the Opitz C syndrome . J Med Genet . 1985;22:39–45
- . Diagnosis of chromosome 3 duplication q23–qter, deletion p25–pter in a patient with the C (trigonocephaly) syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 1986;23:935–943
- . Trisomy of 3pter in a patient with apparent C (trigonocephaly) syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 2000;94:311–315
- . Opitz trigonocephaly C syndrome in a boy with a de novo balanced reciprocal translocation t(3;18)(q13.13;q12.1) . Am J Med Genet A . 2006;140:1655–1657
- . Opitz “C” trigonocephaly-like syndrome in a patient with terminal deletion of 2p and partial duplication of 17q . Am J Med Genet A . 2004;131:310–312
- . FISH diagnosis of partial trisomy 13 and tetrasomy 13 in a patient with severe trigonocephaly (C) phenotype . Am J Med Genet . 1994;52:92–96
- Deletion 9q34.3 syndrome: genotype-phenotype correlations and an extended deletion in a patient with features of Opitz C trigonocephaly . J Med Genet . 2005;42:328–335
- “C” trigonocephaly syndrome: clinical variability and possibility of surgical treatment . Am J Med Genet . 1990;37:451–456
- . C syndrome and omphalocele: another example . Am J Med Genet . 1992;44:385; [Letter]
- Severe end of Opitz trigonocephaly (C) syndrome or new syndrome? . Am J Med Genet . 1999;85:438–446
- . Chromosome 3 duplication q21 leads to qter deletion p25 leads to pter syndrome in children of carriers of a pericentric inversion inv(3) (p25q21) . Am J Hum Genet . 1975;27:699–718
- . Trisomy 3q: two clinically similar but cytogenetically different cases . Ann Genet . 1979;22:217–220
- . Partial duplication of 3q and distal deletion of 11q in a stillbirth with an omphalocele containing the liver, short limbs, and intrauterine growth retardation . J Med Genet . 1996;33:615–617
- . Recurrent omphalocele with partial trisomy 3q and partial monosomy 11q . Clin Genet . 1997;52:196–198
- . Inconsistency of omphalocele contents in three consecutive siblings with partial trisomy 3q and partial monosomy 11q . Prenat Diagn . 1999;19:591; [Letter]
- . De novo partial duplication of 3q and distal deletion of 20p in a 15-week abortus with omphalocele . Fetal Diagn Ther . 2000;15:61–62
- . Omphalocele in trisomy 3q: further delineation of phenotype . Clin Genet . 2003;64:404–413
- . Acrocephalopolydactylous dysplasia . Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser . 1977;13:53–67
- . Elejalde syndrome: a case report . Am J Med Genet . 1997;69:406–408
- . Elejalde syndrome—a case report . Am J Med Genet A . 2006;140:2223–2226
- . Apparent Malpuech syndrome: report on three Brazilian patients with additional signs . Am J Med Genet . 1995;58:13–17
- . Two sibs with Malpuech syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 1999;86:294–299
- . An atypical case suggesting the possibility of overlap between Malpuech and Juberg–Hayward syndromes . Clin Dysmorphol . 2001;10:123–128
- . Familial segregation of cervical ribs, Sprengel anomaly, preaxial polydactyly, anal atresia, and urethral obstruction: a new syndrome? . Am J Med Genet . 1993;45:717–720
- . Fetal growth retardation, hydrocephalus, hypoplastic multilobed lungs, and other anomalies in 4 sibs . Am J Med Genet . 1989;33:276–279
- . Familial occurrence of agonadism and multiple internal malformations in pheno-typically normal girls with 46, XY and 46, XX karyotypes, respectively: a new autosomal recessive syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 1993;47:1166–1170
- Agonadism in two sisters with XY gonosomal constitution, mental retardation, short stature, severely retarded bone age, and multiple extragenital malformations: a new autosomal recessive syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 1995;59:62–67
- . Low birth-weight, microcephalic malformation syndrome in a 46, XX girl and her 46, XY sister with agonadism: third report of the Kennerknecht syndrome or autosomal recessive Seckel-like syndrome with previously undescribed genital anomalies . Am J Med Genet . 2001;101:275–278
- . Possible new autosomal recessive syndrome of lymphedema, hydro-celes, atrial septal defect, and characteristic facial changes . Am J Med Genet . 1996;66:69–71
- . Craniosynostosis, agenesis of the corpus callosum, severe mental retardation, distinctive facies, camptodactyly, and hypogonadism . Am J Med Genet . 1990;35:582–585
- . Possible third case of Lin–Gettig syndrome . Am J Med Genet . 2002;110:380–383
PII: S1028-4559(07)60004-7
doi:10.1016/S1028-4559(07)60004-7
© 2007 Taiwan Association of Obstetric & Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Volume 46, Issue 2 , Pages 111-120, June 2007
