Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 44, Issue 1 , Pages 26-30, March 2005

Causes and Treatment of Implantation Failure

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Received 29 October 2004; received in revised form 5 November 2004; accepted 9 November 2004.

Article Outline

Summary

In recent years, a high fertilization rate has been achieved via the rapid evolution of assisted reproductive technology. However, the overall pregnancy rate remains the same. Implantation failure appears to be one factor. In preparation for implantation, the human endometrium undergoes dramatic proliferation and differentiation during the menstrual cycle in response to the rise and fall of ovarian steroids. The characteristic restructuring of the endometrium is thought to be effected not only by steroids but also by locally released factors. Elucidation of the implantation mechanism and treatment of implantation failure may improve the low pregnancy rate in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. In this review, the cause of and treatment for implantation failure are summarized.

Key Words:  implantation , implantation failure , treatment of implantation failure

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PII: S1028-4559(09)60102-9

doi:10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60102-9

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 44, Issue 1 , Pages 26-30, March 2005

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