Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 44, Issue 1 , Pages 42-47, March 2005

Factors Associated with Urinary Stress Incontinence in Primiparas

  • Pei-Ling Chou
    • ,
  • Fang-Ping Chen

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Dr. Fang-Ping Chen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 222 Mai-Chin Road, Keelung 204, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Li-Fen Teng

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan

Received 22 September 2003; received in revised form 1 July 2004; accepted 14 July 2004.

Article Outline

Summary 

Objective

To evaluate obstetric and maternal risk factors for stress urinary incontinence in primiparas.

Materials and Methods

From January 2001 to August 2002, 378 primiparas were interviewed about stress urinary incontinence 1 year after delivery. The association between symptoms of urinary stress incontinence and obstetric factors was assessed.

Results

Twenty-four (6%) primiparas had urinary stress incontinence after delivery. Maternal age was positively associated with urinary stress incontinence 1 year after delivery in primiparas who underwent vaginal delivery but not those who underwent cesarean section. There was a 4.5% greater prevalence of stress incontinence for each 5-year increase in age (coefficient B, 0.045; 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.04-0.51; p < 0.001). In primiparas who underwent cesarean section, performance of pelvic floor exercise was significantly related to a decrease in incontinence 1 year after delivery (odds ratio, 0.156; 95% CI, 0.034-0.713; p < 0.05). No such relationship was found in primiparas who underwent vaginal delivery. Body mass index, body weight gain during pregnancy, neonatal birth weight, head circumference, mode of delivery, and diabetes mellitus were not associated with stress incontinence 1 year after delivery in any primipara. Factors related to vaginal birth, including length of the first and second stages of labor, large perineal laceration, and instrumental delivery, also had no effect.

Conclusion

For primiparas who underwent vaginal delivery, an increase in age was associated with increased risk of development of stress incontinence. Increased vulnerability of the pelvic floor with age might explain this finding. Pelvic floor exercise had a protective effect against postpartum stress incontinence in primiparas who underwent cesarean section. This reflects the fact that pregnancy per se carries a risk of stress incontinence. We recommend that primiparas perform pelvic floor exercises to prevent the development of postpartum stress incontinence.

Key Words:  age , pelvic exercise , primipara , stress urinary incontinence

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PII: S1028-4559(09)60105-4

doi:10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60105-4

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 44, Issue 1 , Pages 42-47, March 2005

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