Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 48, Issue 3 , Pages 225-231 , September 2009

The Effects of Absent or Reversed End-diastolic Umbilical Artery Doppler Flow Velocity

  • Kuo-Gon Wang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Chen-Yu Chen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Dr Chen-Yu Chen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Yi-Yung Chen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

,Accepted 4 December 2008.

References 

  1. Fleischer A , Schulman H , Farmakides G , Bracero L , Blattner P , Randolph G . Umbilical artery velocity waveforms and intrauterine growth retardation . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1985;151:502–506
  2. Rochelson BL , Schulman H , Fleischer A , et al.   The clinical significance of Doppler umbilical artery velocimetry in the small for gestational age fetus . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1987;156:1223–1226
  3. Trudinger BJ , Cook CM , Giles WB . Fetal umbilical artery velocity waveforms and subsequent neonatal outcome . Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 1991;98:378–384
  4. Devoe LD , Gardner P , Dear C , Faircloth D . The significance of increasing umbilical artery systolic-diastolic ratios in third-trimester pregnancy . Obstet Gynecol . 1992;80:684–687
  5. Hecher K , Campbell S , Doyle P , Harrington K , Nicolaides K . Assessment of fetal compromise by Doppler ultrasound investigation of the fetal circulation: arterial, intracardiac, and venous blood flow velocity studies . Circulation . 1995;91:129–138
  6. Baschat AA , Gembruch U , Reiss I , Gortner L , Weiner CP , Harman CR . Relationship between arterial and venous Doppler and perinatal outcome in fetal growth restriction . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 2000;16:407–413
  7. Ferrazzi E , Bozzo M , Rigano S , et al.   Temporal sequence of abnormal Doppler changes in the peripheral and central circulatory systems of the severely growth-restricted fetus . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 2002;19:140–146
  8. Giles WB , Trudinger BJ , Baird PJ . Fetal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms and placental resistance: pathological correlation . Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 1985;92:31–38
  9. Kingdom JC , Burrell SJ , Kaufmann P . Pathology and clinical implications of abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 1997;9:271–286
  10. Gudmundsson S , Marsal K . Umbilical and uteroplacental blood flow velocity waveforms in pregnancies with fetal growth retardation . Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol . 1988;27:187–196
  11. Wang KG , Chen CP , Yang JM , Su TH . Impact of reverse end-diastolic flow velocity in umbilical artery on pregnancy outcome after the 28th gestational week . Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand . 1998;77:527–531
  12. Berkowitz GS , Mehalek KE , Chitkara U , Rosenberg J , Cogswell C , Berkowitz RL . Doppler umbilical velocimetry in the prediction of adverse outcome in pregnancies at risk for intrauterine growth retardation . Obstet Gynecol . 1988;71:742–746
  13. Burke G , Stuart B , Crowley P , Scanaill SN , Drumm J . Is intrauterine growth retardation with normal umbilical artery blood flow a benign condition? . BMJ . 1990;300:1044–1045
  14. Trudinger BJ, Cook CM, Giles WB, Ng S, Fong E, Connelly A, et al. Fetal umbilical artery velocity waveforms and subsequent neonatal outcome . Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 1991;98:378–384
  15. Yoon BH , Oh IH , Lee PR , Kim WJ , Syn HC , Kim SW . Is an abnormal Doppler umbilical artery waveform ratio a risk factor for poor perinatal outcome in the non-small for gestational age fetus? . Am J Perinatol . 1993;10:245–249
  16. Soregaroli M, Bonera R, Danti L, Dinolfo D, Taddei F, Valcamonico A, et al. Prognostic role of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in growth-restricted fetuses . J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med . 2002;11:199–203
  17. Hartung J , Kalache KD , Heyna C , et al.   Outcome of 60 neonates who had ARED flow prenatally compared with a matched control group of appropriate-for-gestational age preterm neonates . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 2005;25:566–572
  18. Alfirevic Z , Neilson JP . Doppler ultrasonography in high-risk pregnancies: systematic review with meta-analysis . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1995;172:1379–1387
  19. Vergani P, Locatelli A, Doria V, Assi F, Paterlini G, Pezzullo JC, et al. Intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants . Obstet Gynecol . 2004;104:225–231
  20. Al-Ghazali W , Chita SK , Chapman MG , Allan LD . Evidence of redistribution of cardiac output in asymmetrical growth retardation . Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 1989;96:697–704
  21. Volpe JJ . Intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant—current concepts, part I . Ann Neurol . 1989;25:3–11
  22. Wilcox GR , Trudinger BJ . Fetal platelet consumption: a feature of placental insufficiency . Obstet Gynecol . 1991;77:616–621
  23. Steiner H , Staudach A , Spitzer D , Schaffer KH , Gregg A , Weiner CP . Growth deficient fetuses with absent or reversed umbilical artery end-diastolic flow are metabolically compromised . Early Hum Dev . 1995;41:1–9
  24. Phelan JP , Korst LM , Ahn MO , Martin GI . Neonatal nucleated red blood cell and lymphocyte counts in fetal brain injury . Obstet Gynecol . 1998;91:485–489
  25. Viscardi RM , Sun CC . Placental lesion multiplicity: risk factor for IUGR and neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities . Early Hum Dev . 2001;62:1–10
  26. Eronen M , Kari A , Pesonen E , Kaaja R , Wallgren EI , Hallman M . Value of absent or retrograde end-diastolic flow in fetal aorta and umbilical artery as a predictor of perinatal outcome in pregnancy-induced hypertension . Acta Paediatr . 1993;82:919–924
  27. Gaziano EP , Knox H , Ferrera B , Brandt DG , Calvin SE , Knox GE . Is it time to reassess the risk for the growth-retarded fetus with normal Doppler velocimetry of the umbilical artery? . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1994;170:1734–1741
  28. Yoon BH , Lee CM , Kim SW . An abnormal umbilical artery waveform: a strong and independent predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in patients with preeclampsia . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1994;171:713–721
  29. Karsdorp VH, van Vugt JM, van Geijn HP, Kostense PJ, Arduini D, Montenegro N, et al. Clinical significance of absent or reversed end diastolic velocity waveforms in umbilical artery . Lancet . 1994;344:1664–1668
  30. Baschat AA , Gembruch U , Viscardi RM , Gortner L , Harman CR . Antenatal prediction of intraventricular hemorrhage in fetal growth restriction: what is the role of Doppler? . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 2002;19:334–339
  31. Adiotomre PN , Johnstone FD , Laing IA . Effect of absent end diastolic flow velocity in the fetal umbilical artery on subsequent outcome . Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed . 1997;76:35–38
  32. Spinillo A , Montanari L , Bergante C , Gaia G , Chiara A , Fazzi E . Prognostic value of umbilical artery Doppler studies in unselected preterm deliveries . Obstet Gynecol . 2005;105:613–620
  33. Graziani LJ , Pasto M , Stanley C , et al.   Neonatal neurosono-graphic correlates of cerebral palsy in preterm infants . Pediatrics . 1986;78:88–95
  34. Graham M , Levene MI , Trounce JQ , Rutter N . Prediction of cerebral palsy in very low birthweight infants: prospective ultrasound study . Lancet . 1987;2:593–596
  35. Low JA , Froese AF , Galbraith RS , Sauerbrei EE , McKinven JP , Karchmar EJ . The association of fetal and newborn metabolic acidosis with severe periventricular leukomalacia in the preterm newborn . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1990;162:977–981
  36. Groneck P , Speer C . Inflammatory mediators and bronchopulmonary dysplasia . Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed . 1995;73:1F–3F
  37. Van Marter LJ , Allred EN , Pagano M , et al.   Do clinical markers of barotraumas and oxygen toxicity explain interhospital variation in rates of chronic lung disease? . Pediatrics . 2000;105:1194–1201
  38. Jobe AH , Ikegami M . Prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia . Curr Opin Pediatr . 2001;13:124–129
  39. Hack M , Wilson-Costello D , Friedman H , Taylor GH , Schluchter M , Fanaroff AA . Neurodevelopment and predictors of outcomes of children with birth weights of less than 1000 g: 1992–1995 . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med . 2000;154:725–731
  40. Walsh MC , Morris BH , Wrage LA , et al.   Extremely low birthweight neonates with protracted ventilation: mortality and 18-month neurodevelopmental outcomes . J Pediatr . 2005;146:798–804
  41. Gonzalez JM , Stamilio DM , Ural S , Macones GA , Odibo AO . Relationship between abnormal fetal testing and adverse perinatal outcomes in intrauterine growth restriction . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 2007;196:48–51
  42. Torrance HL , Mulder EJ , Brouwers HA , van Bel F , Visser GH . Respiratory outcome in preterm small for gestational age fetuses with or without abnormal umbilical artery Doppler and/or maternal hypertension . J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med . 2007;20:613–621
  43. Santulli TV , Schullinger JN , Heird WC , et al.   Acute necrotizing enterocolitis in infancy: a review of 64 cases . Pediatrics . 1975;55:376–387
  44. Caplan MS , MacKendrick W . Necrotizing enterocolitis: a review of pathogenetic mechanisms and implications for prevention . Pediatr Pathol . 1993;13:357–369
  45. Beeby PJ , Jeffrey H . Risk factors for necrotising enterocolitis: the influence of gestational age . Arch Dis Child . 1992;67:432–435
  46. McDonnell M , Wilkinson AR . Necrotising enterocolitis: perinatal approach to prevention, early diagnosis and management . Semin Neonatol . 1997;2:291–296
  47. Bernstein IM , Horbar JD , Badger GJ , Ohlsson A , Golan A . Morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth weight neonates with intrauterine growth restriction . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 2000;182:198–206
  48. Dorling J , Kempley S , Leaf A . Feeding growth restricted preterm infants with abnormal antenatal Doppler results . Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed . 2005;90:F359–F363
  49. Manogura AC , Turan O , Kush ML , et al.   Predictors of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm growth-restricted neonates . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 2008;198:638.e1–638.e5
  50. Valcamonico A, Danti L, Frusca T, Soregaroli M, Zucca S, Abrami F, et al. Absent end-diastolic velocity in umbilical artery: risk of neonatal morbidity and brain damage . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1994;170:796–801
  51. Wilson DC , Harper A , McClure G , Halliday HL , Reid M . Long term predictive value of Doppler studies in high risk fetuses . Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 1992;99:575–578
  52. Kirsten GF , Van Zyl JI , Van Zijl F , Maritz JS , Odendaal HJ . Infants of women with severe early pre-eclampsia: the effect of absent end-diastolic umbilical artery Doppler flow velocities on neurodevelopmental outcome . Acta Paediatr . 2000;89:566–570
  53. Weiss E , Stefan U , Berle P . Blood flow velocity waveforms of the middle cerebral artery and abnormal neurological evaluations in live-born fetuses with absent or reverse enddiastolic flow velocities of the umbilical arteries . Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol . 1992;45:93–100
  54. Vossbeck S , de Camargo OK , Grab D , Bode H , Pohlandt F . Neonatal and neurodevelopmental outcome in infants born before 30 weeks of gestation with absent or reversed enddiastolic flow velocities in the umbilical artery . Eur J Pediatr . 2001;160:128–134
  55. Schreuder AM , McDonnell M , Gaffney G , Johnson A , Hope PL . Outcome at school age following antenatal detection of absent or reversed end diastolic flow velocity in the umbilical artery . Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed . 2002;86:108–114
  56. Valcamonico A , Accorsi P , Battaglia S , Soregaroli M , Beretta D , Frusca T . Absent or reverse end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery: intellectual development at school age . Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol . 2004;114:23–28
  57. Dobbing J . Undernutrition and the developing brain: the use of animal models to elucidate the human problem . Psychiatr Neurol Neurochir . 1971;74:433–442
  58. Smart JL , Dobbing J . Vulnerability of developing brain, II: effects of early nutritional deprivation on reflex ontogeny and development of behavior in the rat . Brain Res . 1971;28:85–95
  59. Rees S , Bocking AD , Harding R . Structure of the fetal sheep brain in experimental growth retardation . J Dev Physiol . 1988;10:211–225
  60. Tolsa CB , Zimine S , Warfield SK , et al.   Early alteration of structural and functional brain development in premature infants born with intrauterine growth restriction . Pediatr Res . 2004;56:132–138
  61. Ducey J , Schulman H , Farmakides G , et al.   A classification of hypertension in pregnancy based on Doppler velocimetry . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1987;157:680–685
  62. Brosens IA , Robertson WB , Dixon HG . The role of the spiral arteries in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia . Obstet Gynecol Annu . 1972;1:177–191
  63. Sibai BM , Taslimi M , Abdella TN , Brooks TF , Spinnato JA , Anderson GD . Maternal perinatal outcome of conservative management of severe preeclampsia in midtrimester . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1985;152:32–37
  64. Fairlie FM , Moretti M , Walker JJ , Sibai BM . Determinants of perinatal outcome in pregnancy-induced hypertension with absence of umbilical artery end-diastolic frequencies . Am J Obstet Gynecol . 1991;164:1084–1089
  65. Thornton JG , Hornbuckle J , Vail A , Spiegelhalter DJ , Levene M , GRIT study group  . Infant wellbeing at 2 years of age in the Growth Restriction Intervention Trial (GRIT): multicentred randomised controlled trial . Lancet . 2004;364:513–520
  66. Giles WB , Bisits A . Clinical use of Doppler in pregnancy: information from six randomized trials . Fetal Diagn Ther . 1993;8:247–255
  67. Divon MY . Randomized controlled trials of umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry: how many are too many? . Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 1995;6:377–379
  68. Neilson JP , Alfirevic Z . Doppler ultrasound for fetal assessment in high risk pregnancies . Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2000;(2): CD000073.
  69. Goffinet F , Paris-Llado J , Nisand I , Bréart G . Umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in unselected and low risk pregnancies: a review of randomised controlled trials . Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 1997;104:425–430
  70. Burrell SJ , Kingdom JC . The use of umbilical artery Doppler ultrasonography in modern obstetrics . Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol . 1997;9:370–374
  71. Bricker L , Neilson JP . Routine Doppler ultrasound in pregnancy . Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2000;(2): CD001450.

PII: S1028-4559(09)60294-1

doi: 10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60294-1

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 48, Issue 3 , Pages 225-231 , September 2009

Article Tools